Vaccination and Multiple Sclerosis - Current Situation.

Active immunization of patients with autoimmune diseases is a current challenge. Vaccination of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) has been shown not to be associated with increased risk of exacerbation. A personalized approach to immunization of this group of patients is required, taking account of ongoing therapy and the nature of the course of illness. MS is not an absolute contraindication for vaccination against the new coronavirus infection. Vaccination can be with any of the currently authorized immunoformulations.

[Vaccination and multiple sclerosis at the present stage]. / Vaktsinatsiya i rasseyannyi skleroz na sovremennom etape.

Immunization of the patients with autoimmune diseases is rising a lot of concerns. It was previously demonstrated that vaccination in MS patients was not associated with an increased risk of exacerbations. A personalized approach is needed to define the immunization schedule. A decision should be made based on the course of the disease and the treatment used. Multiple sclerosis is not an absolute contraindication to vaccination. Any authorized vaccine can be used in MS patients.

COVID-19 vaccination guidelines for patients with multiple sclerosis

The opinion of Russian experts on the possibility of COVID-19 vaccination in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) is presented. The authors of the consensus, based on an analysis of a large number of domestic and foreign guidelines, conclude that it is possible to use killed and inactivated vaccines. Preliminary recommendations are given for COVID-19 vaccination, taking into account the MS disease modifying therapies. © 2021 Ima-Press Publishing House. All rights reserved.

The Novel Coronavirus Infection (COVID-19) and Nervous System Involvement: Mechanisms of Neurological Disorders, Clinical Manifestations, and the Organization of Neurological Care.

The new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 and the disease it causes COVID-19 involves not only respiratory system damage, but can also lead to disorders of the central and peripheral nervous system, as well as the muscular system. This article presents published data and our own observations on the course of neurological disorders in COVID-19 patients. There is a relationship between the severity of COVID-19 and the severity and frequency of neurological manifestations. Severe neurological disorders are mostly seen in severe cases of COVID-19 and include acute cerebrovascular accidents (aCVA), acute necrotizing encephalopathy, and Guillain-Barré syndrome. Factors potentially complicating the course of COVID-19 and increasing the development of neurological complications include arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and chronic cardiac and respiratory system diseases. Questions of the possible effects of human coronaviruses on the course of chronic progressive neurological diseases are addressed using multiple sclerosis (MS) as an example. We discuss the management of patients with aCVA and MS depending on the risk of developing coronavirus infection.

Nervous system damage in COVID-19 with an emphasis on the management of patients with multiple sclerosis

The main target for COVID-19 is the lung with the development of acute respiratory failure. But the virus also displays tropism to the central nervous, muscle, and immune systems. The paper gives the data available in the literature on nervous system damage and the characteristics of clinical and magnetic resonance imaging manifestations of brain damage in COVID-19. Among the neurological symptoms of COVID-19, there may be stroke, encephalitis, and neuropathy. An account is given of the features of multiple sclerosis patient management during the COVID-19 pandemic depending on the risk of developing coronavirus infection. © 2020 Ima-Press Publishing House. All rights reserved.

[Novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) and nervous system involvement: pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, organization of neurological care]. / Novaya koronavirusnaya infektsiya (COVID-19) i porazhenie nervnoi sistemy: mekhanizmy nevrologicheskikh rasstroistv, klinicheskie proyavleniya, organizatsiya nevrologicheskoi pomoshchi.

Novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19, besides affecting the respiratory system, may lead to central and peripheral nervous system disorders and also cause muscular symptoms. The authors review the literature and own clinical case with respect to nervous system involvement in COVID-19 patients. There is a correlation between the severity of COVID-19 and the severity and frequency of neurologic complications. Severe neurologic symptoms are primarily observed in patients with severe COVID-19. Neurologic-associated symptoms may include stroke, acute necrotizing encephalopathy, and Guillen-Barre syndrome. Diseases that potentially aggravate COVID-19 and increase the risk of neurologic complications include arterial hypertension, diabetes, chronic diseases of the heart and respiratory system. The probable impact of human coronaviruses on chronic and progressive diseases of the nervous system with particular respect to multiple sclerosis is reviewed. A triage plan for stroke and MS patients during the COVID-19 pandemic, depending on the risk of coronavirus infection, is presented.